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Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are key regulators in the embryonic development and postnatal tissue homeostasis in all animals. Loss of function or dysregulation of BMPs results in severe diseases or even lethality. Like transforming growth factors beta (TGF-betas), activins, growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) and other members of the TGF-beta superfamily, BMPs signal by assembling two types of serine/threonine-kinase receptor chains to form a hetero-oligomeric ligand-receptor complex. BMP ligand receptor interaction is highly promiscuous, i.e. BMPs bind more than one receptor of each subtype, and a receptor bind various ligands. The activin type II receptors are of particular interest, since they bind a large number of diverse ligands. In addition they act as high-affinity receptors for activins but are also low-affinity receptors for BMPs. ActR-II and ActR-IIB therefore represent an interesting example how affinity and specificity might be generated in a promiscuous background.
Pubmed ID: 17295905 RIS Download
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A set of software programs that utilizes dual spaces algorithms for the determination of small and macromolecular crystal structures by single crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction. Libraries, extra files and environment variables are not required for the executables. SHELX is intended to be run on a command prompt but may be called from GUIs such as shelXle, Olex2, Oscail or WinGX, or hkl2map.
View all literature mentionsCell line C2C12 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)
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